Comparison of serologic methods for the detection of Mycoplasma gallispeticum (MG) antibodies in broilers in South Luzon, Philippines

Overview of the Study:

Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) is a significant pathogen affecting poultry, particularly broilers, with implications for both animal welfare and economic losses in the poultry industry. Detection of MG antibodies is crucial for effective disease management and prevention.

The research was conducted in South Luzon, Philippines, focuses on comparing different serologic methods for detecting MG antibodies in broilers. Serologic methods play a crucial role in diagnosing and monitoring MG infections in poultry flocks. The study also aims to evaluate the prevalence of Mycoplasma gallisepticum in the Philippine context.

The study's findings contribute to the ongoing efforts in improving disease management practices in the poultry industry. Understanding the strengths and limitations of different serologic techniques is crucial for enhancing the overall health and productivity of poultry flocks in the region.

Please read the article here:

https://www.researchgate.net/publication/375891616_Comparison_of_serologic_methods_for_the_detection_of_Mycoplasma_gallispeticum_MG_antibodies_in_broilers_in_South_Luzon_Philippines

PERITONITIS IN POULTRY

Peritonitis is a serious and often fatal disease that affects poultry. It is caused by an inflammation of the peritoneum, which is the thin membrane that lines the abdominal cavity of birds. The peritoneum is responsible for many vital functions, including the protection of internal organs and the regulation of fluid balance in the body. When peritonitis occurs, it can cause a range of symptoms that can have a devastating impact on the health and well-being of birds.

Peritonitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including bacterial or viral infections, parasites, or injuries to the abdomen. In poultry, peritonitis is most commonly caused by the bacterium E. coli, which can infect the reproductive tract of hens and cause a buildup of fluid in the peritoneal cavity. This fluid can put pressure on internal organs, leading to a range of symptoms including lethargy, loss of appetite, and abdominal swelling.

In addition to E. coli, other bacteria such as Salmonella and Staphylococcus can also cause peritonitis in poultry. These bacteria can enter the body through cuts or wounds on the skin, or through the digestive tract. Once inside the body, they can cause inflammation and damage to the peritoneum, leading to the development of peritonitis.

Symptoms of peritonitis in poultry can vary depending on the severity of the disease. In mild cases, birds may show no outward signs of illness, while in more severe cases, they may become lethargic, lose their appetite, and develop abdominal swelling. Birds with peritonitis may also experience difficulty breathing, and in some cases, may exhibit neurological symptoms such as tremors or seizures.

Treatment for peritonitis in poultry typically involves supportive care, such as providing fluids and antibiotics to help fight the infection. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be required to remove fluid from the peritoneal cavity and alleviate pressure on internal organs. However, even with treatment, peritonitis can be a challenging disease to manage, and many birds may not survive.

Preventing peritonitis in poultry requires careful management of bird health and hygiene. This includes keeping birds in clean, dry environments, providing them with adequate nutrition and water, and minimizing stress factors such as overcrowding. It is also important to practice good biosecurity measures, such as regularly disinfecting equipment and limiting access to the farm by outsiders.

In conclusion, peritonitis is a serious disease that can have a devastating impact on the health and well-being of poultry. It is caused by a variety of factors, including bacterial or viral infections, parasites, or injuries to the abdomen. Prevention and management of the disease requires careful attention to bird health and hygiene, as well as appropriate veterinary care. With proper care and management, however, it is possible to minimize the risk of peritonitis in poultry and ensure the health and well-being of these valuable animals.

Mild Peritonitis

Mild Peritonitis

If you have any questions, please reach out via email. Thank you!

                    

           

Ano ba ang Avian Influenza?

Paano maiiwasan ang Avian Influenza?

Sherwin Camba, DVM, PhD

Poultry Veterinarian

2020.02.06

Ano ba ang Avian Influenza? 

Ang Avian Influenza (AIV) ay isang mapaminsalang sakit ng mga manok (chickens), pugo (quail), at pabo (turkey). Ito ay nagdudulot ng agarang kamatayan sa apektadong ibon sa loob lamang ng 12 oras hanggang 3 araw. Ang kabuuang flock or grupo ng manok ay amaaring matupok sa loob lamang na 14 na araw. Ang AIV ay may posibilidad na mapasa sa tao (zoonotic) kaya mahalaga na i-report natin sa otoridad kung may mga suspected case ng AIV sa inyong mga farm.

Mga sinyales ng AIV sa mga pugo (quails) larawan mula kay Perkins and Swayne.

Mga sinyales ng Avian Influenza sa mga manok (chickens)

Ang sakit na AI ay dulot ng isang virus na tinatawag na Avian Influenza Virus type A (AIV). Maraming tinatawag na "subtypes" mula H5 to H16. Ngunit, ang pinakamapinsalang grupo ay mula sa grupo ng H5 at H7 (tulad ng H5N1, H5N3, H5N6, H7N7...). Ang virus na ito ay kadalasang dinadala ng mga migratory na ibon (wild swan and ducks) galing Siberia or bandang tsina. May iba rin siyetipiko na naniniwala na ang virus na ito ay sadyang laganap kahit saang bansa na nasa malalamig na lugar.

Ano ang sinyales ng Avian Influenza?

Ito ang mga kadalasang sinyales na may AIV ang inyong manukan:

• Maraming patay na manok sa loob ng isang araw (very high mortality).
• torticollis
• Puro pagdudugo sa lamang loob (hemorrhages)
• Sipon at halak.
• Pagdudugo mula sa ilong o sa tuka.

Paano napapasa ang AI virus?

Ang virus ay maaring mapasa mula sa dumi ng isang infected na manok at airborne.

Anong gamot o proteksyon laban sa AIV?

May mga anti-viral na gamot sa tao na available pero hindi pa napapatunayan na epektibo ito sa mga manok. Hindi rin alam kung ligas ang mga anti-viral na gamot sa mga alagang manok natin.

Bakuna? Walang bakuna laban sa AIV sa Pilipinas dahil iniiwasan ang pagkalat ng vaccine strain na AI virus.

Mainam na panatilihing malakas ang resistensya ng manok at iwasan o limitahan ang stress. Vitamins sa inuming tubig.

Panatilihin na malinis ang kapaligiran at limitahan ang access sa farm mula sa ibang tao or mga wild na hayop.

Kung may katanungan kayo at mungkahi sa awtor, mag-comment lang sa ibaba:

Reference

Perkins and Swayne (2001). Pathobiology of A/Chicken/Hong Kong/220/97 (H5N1) Avian Influenza Virus in Seven Gallinaceous Species.

BASAHIN AT I-SHARE: SAKIT NA MYCOPLASMA sa MGA MANOK

LARAWAN NG MGA SENYALES NG SAKIT NA MYCOPLASMA SA MGA MANOK

SAKIT NA MYCOPLASMA SA POULTRY

Ano ba ang Mycoplasma?

          Maaring narinig niyo na ang katagang MYCOPLASMA. Sa mga commercial ng mga antibiotiko at mga seminar na ginagawa ng iba't-ibang mga kumpanyang nagbebenta ng mga gamot panabong, palaging nababanggit ang makapinsalang sakit na ito.

          Ito ay isang napakaliit na organismo na nagdudulot ng matinding sipon at halak na matagalan sa mga manok. Paminsan-minsan nagkakaroon rin ng pamamaga ng mukha na maikukumpara sa Coryza. Pero ang pinakatinatamaan ng sakit na ito ay yung lungs (baga), trachea, airsacs, at nasal cavity (ilong). Matinding pinasala ang ginagawa ng Mycoplasma sapagkat sinisira nito ang mucus membrane or pangunahing proteksyon na yung lining ng daanan ng hangin papuntang baga. Matinding pneumonia rin ang makikita at ang pagkakaroon ng fibrous or parang puti sa heart (puso) at liver (atay). At dahil sinira na ng Mycoplasma ang panguhing proteksyon sa katawan ng manok kaya yung ibang mga mikrobyo tulad ng E. coli o Pasteurella ang dumadami at aatakihin kaloob-looban ng pangunahing organ sa katawan ng manok. Malaki ang tsansta na mamatay ang manok dahil sa matinding hirap ng paghinga at impeksyon dulot ng E. coli at Pasteurella sa baga, puso at atay.

Mycoplasma ay mukhang fried egg o pwede ring nipple ng babae

Ano ba ang dahilan kung bakit may Mycoplasma ang aking manok?

          Isang dahilan ay ang maduming kapaligiran ng inyong manukan. Maari din dinadala ng mga wild na ibon ang mikrobyong Mycoplasma at pinapasa sa inyong alaga sa pamamagitan ng airborne, sa patuka at tubig. Isa ring dahilan ay yung breeder na may sakit na Mycoplasma, sapagkat napapasa sa itlog ang sakit na ito papunta sa mga sisiw. Kaya mula sisiw palang pwede na mapasa ang Mycoplasma at bibilangin lang ang 14 to 30 na araw bago makitaan ng senyales tulad ng sipon, halak, panghihina at mismong biglaang pagkamatay. 

Ano ba ang unang dapat gawin para maiwasan ang sakit na ito?

        Una sa lahat, dapat palagiang obserbahan ang inyong mga manok araw araw kung may senyales ang mga ito tulad ng sipon at halak. Kung ginamot niyo na at hindi gumaling, posibleng malala na ang sitwasyon nito. Tumawag kayo ng Beterinaryo upang masuri maigi ang mga tinamaang manok at para marekomendahan ng bakuna. Pwede niyo ipalaboratoryo sa mga Veterinary Diagnostic Lab para macheck kung may Mycoplasma ang mga breeders niyo. 

Magagamot ba ang sakit na ito?

          Pahirapan ang gamutan, kasi kahit bigyan mo ng Antibiotic o gamot ng Mycoplasma, posibleng hindi mapatay lahat sa loob ng katawan dahil kaya ng Mycoplasma magtago sa mga airsacs at iba pang organ sa katawan ng manok. Posibleng mawala lang ang senyales pero muling babalik kapag na-stress ang alaga niyo tulad ng sa pagcocondition. Posibleng hindi maganda ang takbo ng training ng mga manok na may mycoplasma dahil hirap ito sa paghinga. 

                 Napakaimportante na masiguro na walang Mycoplasma ang mga breeders niyo, contact niyo lang ang mga beterinaryo na kakilala niyo upang magawan ng paraan ang sakit na ito. May strategy sa pag-control ng sakit na ito.

Kung may iba pang katanungan, maaring magmessage kayo sa email or sa Facebook: Dok Sherwin

Parvo?! Things every petowners should know!

WHAT IS "PARVO"?

Parvoviral enteritis is very common in susceptible dogs in the Philippines due to its endemicity. Colloquially termed as "parvo", it is highly infective and contagious viral disease (CPV2) which destroys the lining of the intestinal tract leading to massive destruction of absorptive mechanism, secondary bacterial infection and deadly dehydration.

WHAT ARE THE SIGNS WE NEED TO LOOK IF IT IS "PARVO"?

The very evident "parvo" signs would be bloody diarrhea with "malansa" or foul odor, inappetance and lethargy. The virus could kill all the litters instantly (weeks or months apart) if  proper veterinary care is not prioritize.

WHAT IF OUR DOGS BEFORE DIED BECAUSE OF "PARVO"?

If there is history of "parvo" in your house/kennel, I highly suggest to consult and bring your pet/s to a licensed veterinarian for PROPER vaccination procedure. Don't TRUST any so called self proclaimed very experienced/"god"-like dog breeders out there to do the DOCTOR'S job.

WHAT ARE THE THINGS WE NEED TO DO IF "PARVO" COMES AROUND?

If you have unvaccinated dogs and pups out there, please bring them to a licensed veterinarian for proper assessment. Invest in your dog's health, don't mind the expenses! Because it is our obligation, every pet owners that our dogs must be healthy and safe from diseases at all times. Also, the environment/cage of your dogs must be clean and disinfected at least once week.

If the dog had already showing signs of "parvo", it must be isolated from other dogs because the virus are being shed in the fecal material of the infected dog. Bring the sick dog IMMEDIATELY to the veterinarian for proper clinical procedure.


ALWAYS REMEMBER, PREVENTION IS  BETTER THAN CURE!
THE VIRUS IS ALWAYS THERE, READY TO STRIKE ANYTIME!
ALRIGHT,!


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